Fixes by subject · 53 techniques

How to Fix Zoom, Reflow and Spacing

Low-vision users zoom. The thresholds are 200% for text and 400% for the page, and a layout that only holds together at 100% misses both.

Testing at 100% zoom on a large monitor tests a case many of your visitors never see. Set a browser to 400% once and you will find things no scanner reported. Clipped text, columns that never collapse, sticky headers eating the viewport, all of it below the width an automated scan ever looks at. The techniques here cover sizing text in relative units so it scales, and building layouts that reflow at 320 pixels wide without scrolling in two directions. They also cover surviving user overrides of line and letter spacing, and not locking screen orientation. Two things are worth settling early, because both get overbuilt. Reflow does not mean one column, and it expressly allows two-dimensional scrolling for maps, diagrams, video, games, presentations and data tables. And every layout your page serves at a different screen size is its own conformance target, so the narrow one is not a lesser version of the wide one.

All 53 techniques

They run in technique order, and each one carries a tag. Sufficient techniques satisfy a rule. Advisory ones help without being required. Failures document a specific way of getting it wrong. None of them is mandatory, because W3C publishes techniques as documented ways of meeting a criterion rather than the only ways, so your own approach conforms as long as it meets the criterion.

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How to Fix Zoom, Reflow and Spacing

All 53 techniques

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The other 13 subjects

Knowing the technique is not the same as knowing you need it.

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